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✏️ Editing: event.rst.txt

Events
======

The Component Architecture provides a way to dispatch events to event
handlers.  Event handlers are registered as *subscribers*
a.k.a. *handlers*.

Before we can start we need to import ``zope.component.event`` to make
the dispatching effective:

.. doctest::

>>> import zope.component.event

Consider two event classes:

.. doctest::

>>> class Event1(object):
   ...     pass

>>> class Event2(Event1):
   ...     pass

Now consider two handlers for these event classes:

.. doctest::

>>> called = []

>>> import zope.component
   >>> @zope.component.adapter(Event1)
   ... def handler1(event):
   ...     called.append(1)

>>> @zope.component.adapter(Event2)
   ... def handler2(event):
   ...     called.append(2)

We can register them with the Component Architecture:

.. doctest::

>>> zope.component.provideHandler(handler1)
   >>> zope.component.provideHandler(handler2)

Now let's go through the events.  We'll see that the handlers have been
called accordingly:

.. doctest::

>>> from zope.event import notify
   >>> notify(Event1())
   >>> called
   [1]

>>> del called[:]
   >>> notify(Event2())
   >>> called.sort()
   >>> called
   [1, 2]

Object events
-------------

The ``objectEventNotify`` function is a subscriber to dispatch
ObjectEvents to interested adapters.

First create an object class:

.. doctest::

>>> class IUseless(zope.interface.Interface):
   ...     """Useless object"""

>>> class UselessObject(object):
   ...     """Useless object"""
   ...     zope.interface.implements(IUseless)

Then create an event class:

.. doctest::

>>> class IObjectThrownEvent(zope.component.interfaces.IObjectEvent):
   ...     """An object has been thrown away"""

>>> class ObjectThrownEvent(zope.component.interfaces.ObjectEvent):
   ...     """An object has been thrown away"""
   ...     zope.interface.implements(IObjectThrownEvent)

Create an object and an event:

.. doctest::

>>> hammer = UselessObject()
   >>> event = ObjectThrownEvent(hammer)

Then notify the event to the subscribers.
Since the subscribers list is empty, nothing happens.

.. doctest::

>>> zope.component.event.objectEventNotify(event)

Now create an handler for the event:

.. doctest::

>>> events = []
   >>> def record(*args): #*
   ...     events.append(args)

>>> zope.component.provideHandler(record, [IUseless, IObjectThrownEvent])

The event is notified to the subscriber:

.. doctest::

>>> zope.component.event.objectEventNotify(event)
   >>> events == [(hammer, event)]
   True

Following test demonstrates how a subscriber can raise an exception
to prevent an action.

.. doctest::

>>> zope.component.provideHandler(zope.component.event.objectEventNotify)

Let's create a container:

.. doctest::

>>> class ToolBox(dict):
   ...     def __delitem__(self, key):
   ...         notify(ObjectThrownEvent(self[key]))
   ...         return super(ToolBox,self).__delitem__(key)

>>> container = ToolBox()

And put the object into the container:

.. doctest::

>>> container['Red Hammer'] = hammer

Create an handler function that will raise an error when called:

.. doctest::

>>> class Veto(Exception):
   ...     pass

>>> def callback(item, event):
   ...     assert(item == event.object)
   ...     raise Veto

.. doctest::

>>> zope.component.provideHandler(callback, [IUseless, IObjectThrownEvent])

Then if we try to remove the object, an ObjectThrownEvent is fired:

.. doctest::

>>> del container['Red Hammer']
   ... # doctest: +NORMALIZE_WHITESPACE
   Traceback (most recent call last):
   ...
       raise Veto
   Veto

Sid Gifari From Gifari Industries - BD Cyber Security Team